Mary-'Gusta — Background and Themes

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Lincoln, Joseph Crosby, 1870-1944 Project Gutenberg 2006 Not confirmed
Orphans -- Fiction; Guardian and ward -- Fiction; Massachusetts -- Fiction; Cape Cod (Mass.) -- Fiction Readers of public-domain and historical texts
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Words 121,539
Reading time 529 min
Text sections 14

Mary-'Gusta — Background and Themes can be approached with a clearer sense of reading commitment from its source measurements: 121,539 words, 8 hr 49 min estimated reading time, and 14 detected text sections.

The text analysis averages about 12.3 words per sentence, while the detected sections provide another way to judge how the source is divided.

Project Gutenberg metadata also associates the work with “Orphans -- Fiction,” connecting these edition facts with the source record’s subject description.

An editorial note on how the opening, middle, and later excerpts of Joseph C. Lincoln's 'Mary-'Gusta' guide a first reading, focusing on the orphan Mary-'Gusta's introduction, the community's speculation, and the gradual revelation of her character through dialogue and observation.
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off steam, that's all. I'm sorry.”

“I know, Shadrach. It's all right.”

“No, 'tain't all right; it's all wrong. Somebody ought to keep a watch on me, and when they see me beginnin' to get hot, set me on the back of the stove or somewheres; I'm always liable to bile over and scald the wrong critter. I've done that all my life. I'm sorry, Zoeth, you know I didn't mean--”

“I know, I know. Ah hum! Poor Marcellus! Here's the first break in the old firm, Shadrach.”

“Yup. You and me are all that's left of Hall and Company. That is--”

He stopped short just in time and roared a “Git dap” at the horse. He had been on the point of saying something which would have been far more disastrous than his reference to the troubles following marriage. Zoeth was apparently not curious. To his friend's great relief he did not wait for the sentence to be finished, nor did he ask embarrassing questions. Instead he said:

“I wonder what's goin' to become of that child, Mary Lathrop's girl. Who do you suppose likely will take charge of her?”

“I don't know. I've been wonderin' that myself, Zoeth.”

“Kind of a cute little thing, she was, too, as I recollect her. I presume likely she's grown up consid'ble since. You remember how she set and looked at us that last time we was over to see Marcellus, Shadrach?”

“Remember? How she looked at ME, you mean! Shall I ever forget it? I'd just had my hair cut by that new barber, Sim Ellis, that lived here 'long about then, and I told him to cut off the ends. He thought I meant the other ends, I cal'late, for I went to sleep in the chair, same as I generally do, and when I woke up my head looked like the main truck of the old Faraway. All it needed was to have the bald place gilded. I give you my word that if I hadn't been born with my ears set wing and wing like a schooner runnin' afore the wind I'd have been smothered when I put my hat on--nothin' but them ears kept it propped up off my nose. YOU remember that haircut, Zoeth. Well, all the time you and me was in Marcellus's settin'-room that stepchild of his just set and looked at my head. Never took her eyes off it. If she'd said anything 'twouldn't have been so bad; but she didn't--just looked. I could feel my bald spot reddenin' up till I swan to man I thought it must be breakin' out in blisters. 'Never see anybody that looked just like me, did you, Sis?' I says to her, when I couldn't stand it any longer. 'No, sir,' she says, solemn as an owl. She was right out and honest, I'll say that for her. That's the only time Marcellus laughed while we was inside that house. I didn't blame him much. Ho, ho! Well, he ain't laughin' now and neither are we--or we hadn't ought to be. Neither is the child, I cal'late, poor thing. I wonder what will become of her.”

And meanwhile the child herself was vaguely, and in childish fashion, wondering that very thing. She was in the carriage room of the barn belonging to the Hall estate--if the few acres of land and the buildings owned by the late Marcellus may be called an estate--curled up on the back seat of the old surrey which had been used so little since the death of her mother, Augusta Hall, four years before. The surrey was shrouded from top to floor with a dust cover of unbleached muslin through which the sunshine from the carriage room windows filtered in a mysterious, softened twilight. The covered surrey was a favorite retreat of Mary-'Gusta's. She had discovered it herself--which made it doubly alluring, of course--and she seldom invited her juvenile friends to share its curtained privacy with her. It was her playhouse, her tent, and her enchanted castle, much too sacred to be made common property. Here she came on rainy Saturdays and on many days not rainy when other children, those possessing brothers or sisters, played out of doors. She liked to play by herself, to invent plays all her own, and these other children--“normal children,” their parents called them--were much too likely to laugh instead of solemnly making believe as she did. Mary-'Gusta was not a normal child; she was “that queer Lathrop young-one”--had heard herself so described more than once. She did not like the phrase; “queer” was not so bad--perhaps she was queer--but she had an instinctive repugnance to being called a young-one. Birds and rabbits had young-ones and she was neither feathered nor furred.

So very few of the neighborhood children were invited to the shaded interior of the old surrey. Her dolls--all five of them--spent a good deal of time there and David, the tortoise-shell cat, came often, usually under compulsion. When David had kittens, which interesting domestic event took place pretty frequently, he--or she--positively refused to be an occupant of that surrey, growling and scratching in a decidedly ungentlemanly--or unladylike--manner. Twice Mary-'Gusta had attempted to make David more complacent by bringing the kittens also to the surrey, but their parent had promptly and consecutively seized them by the scruff of their necks and laboriously lugged them up to the haymow again.

Just now, however, there being no kittens, David was slumbering in a furry heap beside Mary-'Gusta at one end of the carriage seat, and Rosette, the smallest of the five dolls, and Rose, the largest, were sitting bolt upright in the corner at the other end. The christening of the smallest and newest doll was the result of a piece of characteristic reasoning on its owner's part. She was very fond of the name Rose, the same being the name of the heroine in “Eight Cousins,” which story Mrs. Bailey, housekeeper before last for Marcellus Hall, had read aloud to the child. When the new doll came, at Christmas time, Mary-'Gusta wished that she might christen it Rose also. But there was another and much beloved Rose already in the family. So Mary-'Gusta reflected and observed, and she observed that a big roll of tobacco such as her stepfather smoked was a cigar; while a little one, as smoked by Eben Keeler, the grocer's delivery clerk, was a cigarette. Therefore, the big doll being already Rose, the little one became Rosette.

Mary-'Gusta was not playing with Rose and Rosette at the present time. Neither was she interested in the peaceful slumbers of David. She was not playing at all, but sitting, with feet crossed beneath her on the seat and hands clasped about one knee, thinking. And, although she was thinking of her stepfather who she knew had gone away to a vague place called Heaven--a place variously described by Mrs. Bailey, the former housekeeper, and by Mrs. Susan Hobbs, the present one, and by Mr. Howes, the Sunday school superintendent--she was thinking most of herself, Mary Augusta Lathrop, who was going to a funeral that very afternoon and, after that, no one seemed to know exactly where.

It was a beautiful April day and the doors of the carriage house and the big door of the barn were wide open. Mary-'Gusta could hear the hens clucking and the voices of people talking. The voices were two: one was that of Mrs. Hobbs, the housekeeper, and the other belonged to Mr. Abner Hallett, the undertaker. Mary-'Gusta did not like Mr. Hallett's voice; she liked neither it nor its owner's manner; she described both voice and manner to herself as “too soothy.” They gave her the shivers.

Mr. Hallett's tone was subdued at the present time, but a trifle of the professional “soothiness” was lacking. He and Mrs. Hobbs were conversing briskly enough and, although Mary-'Gusta could catch only a word or two at intervals, she was perfectly sure they were talking about her. She was certain that if she were to appear at that moment in the door of the barn they would stop talking immediately and look at her. Everybody whom she had met during the past two days looked at her in that queer way. It made her feel as if she had something catching, like the measles, and as if, somehow or other, she was to blame.

She realized dimly that she should feel very, very badly because her stepfather was dead. Mrs. Hobbs had told her that she should and seemed to regard her as queerer than ever because she had not cried. But, according to the housekeeper, Captain Hall was out of his troubles and had gone where he would be happy for ever and ever. So it seemed to her strange to be expected to cry on his account. He had not been happy here in Ostable, or, at least, he had not shown his happiness in the way other people showed theirs. To her he had been a big, bearded giant of a man, whom she saw at infrequent intervals during the day and always at night just before she went to bed. His room, with the old-fashioned secretary against the wall, and the stuffed gull on the shelf, and the books in the cupboard, and the polished narwhal horn in the corner, was to her a sort of holy of holies, a place where she was led each evening at nine o'clock, at first by Mrs. Bailey and, later, by Mrs. Hobbs, to shake the hand of the big man who looked at her absently over his spectacles and said good night in a voice not unkindly but expressing no particular interest. At other times she was strictly forbidden to enter that room.

Occasionally, but very rarely, she had eaten Sunday dinner with Marcellus. She and the housekeeper usually ate together and Mr. Hall's meals were served in what the child called “the smoke room,” meaning the apartment just described, which was at all times strongly scented with tobacco. The Sunday dinners were stately and formal affairs and were prefaced by lectures by the housekeeper concerning sitting up straight and not disturbing Cap'n Hall by talking too much. On the whole Mary-'Gusta was rather glad when the meals were over. She did not dislike her stepfather; he had never been rough or unkind, but she had always stood in awe of him and had felt that he regarded her as a “pesky nuisance,” something to be fed and then shooed out of the way, as Mrs. Hobbs regarded David, the cat. As for loving him, as other children seemed to love their fathers; that the girl never did. She was sure he did not love her in that way, and that he would not have welcomed demonstrations of affection on her part. She had learned the reason, or she thought she had: she was a STEPCHILD; that was why, and a stepchild was almost as bad as a “changeling” in a fairy story.

Her mother she remembered dimly and with that recollection were memories of days when she was loved and made much of, not only by Mother, but by Captain Hall also. She asked Mrs. Bailey, whom she had loved and whose leaving was the greatest grief of her life, some questions about these memories. Mrs. Bailey had hugged her and had talked a good deal about Captain Hall's being a changed man since his wife's death. “He used to be so different, jolly and good-natured and sociable; you wouldn't know him now if you seen him then. When your mamma was took it just seemed to wilt him right down. He was awful sick himself for a spell, and when he got better he was like he is today. Seems as if HE died too, as you might say, and ain't really lived since. I'm awful sorry for Cap'n Marcellus. You must be real good to him when you grow up, Mary-'Gusta.”

And now he had gone before she had had a chance to grow up, and Mary-'Gusta felt an unreasonable sense of blame. But real grief, the dreadful paralyzing realization of loss which an adult feels when a dear one dies, she did not feel.

She was awed and a little frightened, but she did not feel like crying. Why should she?

“Mary-'Gusta! Mary-'Gusta! Where be you?”

It was Mrs. Hobbs calling. Mary-'Gusta hurriedly untwisted her legs and scrambled from beneath the dust cover of the surrey. David, whose slumbers were disturbed, rose also, yawned and stretched.

“Here I be, Mrs. Hobbs,” answered the girl. “I'm a-comin'.”

Mrs. Hobbs was standing in the doorway of the barn. Mary-'Gusta noticed that she was not, as usual, garbed in gingham, but was arrayed in her best go-to-meeting gown.

“I'm a-comin',” said the child.

“Comin', yes. But where on earth have you been? I've been hunting all over creation for you. I didn't suppose you'd be out here, on this day of all others, with--with that critter,” indicating David, who appeared, blinking sleepily.

“I must say I shouldn't think you'd be fussin' along with a cat today,” declared Mrs. Hobbs.

“Yes'm,” said Mary-'Gusta. David yawned, apparently expressing a bored contempt for housekeepers in general.

“Come right along into the house,” continued Mrs. Hobbs. “It's high time you was gettin' ready for the funeral.”

“Ready? How?” queried Mary-'Gusta.

“Why, changin' your clothes, of course.”

“Do folks dress up for funerals?”

“Course they do. What a question!”

“I didn't know. I--I've never had one.”

“I mean I've never been to any. What do they dress up for?”

“Why--why, because they do, of course. Now don't ask any more questions, but hurry up. Where are you goin' now, for mercy sakes?”

“I was goin' back after Rose and Rosette. They ought to be dressed up, too, hadn't they?”

“The idea! Playin' dolls today! I declare I never see such a child! You're a reg'lar little--little heathen. Would you want anybody playin' dolls at your own funeral, I'd like to know?”

Mary-'Gusta thought this over. “I don't know,” she answered, after reflection. “I guess I'd just as soon. Do they have dolls up in Heaven, Mrs. Hobbs?”

“Mercy on us! I should say not. Dolls in Heaven! The idea!”

“No. Don't ask such wicked questions.”

Mary-'Gusta asked no more questions of that kind, but her conviction that Heaven--Mrs. Hobbs' Heaven--was a good place for housekeepers and grown-ups but a poor one for children was strengthened.

They entered the house by the kitchen door and ascended the back stairs to Mary-'Gusta's room. The shades in all the rooms were drawn and the house was dark and gloomy. The child would have asked the reason for this, but at the first hint of a question Mrs. Hobbs bade her hush.

“You mustn't talk,” she said.

“Because 'tain't the right thing to do, that's why. Now hurry up and get dressed.”

Mary-'Gusta silently wriggled out of her everyday frock, was led to the washstand and vigorously scrubbed. Then Mrs. Hobbs combed and braided what she called her “pigtails” and tied a bow of black ribbon at the end of each.

“There!” exclaimed the lady. “You're clean for once in your life, anyhow. Now hurry up and put on them things on the bed.”

The things were Mary-'Gusta's very best shoes and dress; also a pair of new black stockings.

When the dressing was finished the housekeeper stood her in the middle of the floor and walked about her on a final round of inspection.

“There!” she said again, with a sigh of satisfaction. “Nobody can say I ain't took all the pains with you that anybody could. Now you come downstairs and set right where I tell you till I come. And don't you say one single word. Not a word, no matter what happens.”

She took the girl's hand and led her down the front stairs. As they descended Mary-'Gusta could scarcely restrain a gasp of surprise. The front door was open--the FRONT door--and the child had never seen it open before, had long ago decided that it was not a truly door at all, but merely a make-believe like the painted windows on the sides of her doll house. But now it was wide open and Mr. Hallett, arrayed in a suit of black, the coat of which puckered under the arms, was standing on the threshold, looking more soothy than ever. The parlor door was open also, and the parlor itself--the best first parlor, more sacred and forbidden even than the “smoke room”--was, as much of it as she could see, filled with chairs.

Mrs. Hobbs led her into the little room off the parlor, the “back settin'-room,” and, indicating the haircloth and black walnut sofa against the wall, whispered to her to sit right there and not move.

“Mind now,” she whispered, “don't talk and don't stir. I'll be back by and by.”

Mary-'Gusta, left alone, looked wide-eyed about the little back sitting-room. It, too, was changed; not changed as much as the front parlor, but changed, nevertheless. Most of the furniture had been removed. The most comfortable chairs, including the rocker with the parrot “tidy” on the back, had been taken away. One or two of the bolt-upright variety remained and the “music chair” was still there, but pushed back into a corner.

Mary-'Gusta saw the music chair and a quiver of guilty fear tinged along her spine; that particular chair had always been, to her, the bright, particular glory of the house. Not because it was beautiful, for that it distinctly was not; but because of the marvellous secret hidden beneath its upholstered seat. Captain Marcellus had brought it home years and years before, when he was a sea-going bachelor and made voyages to Hamburg. In its normal condition it was a perfectly quiet and ugly chair, but there was a catch under one arm and a music box under the seat. And if that catch were released, then when anyone sat in it, the music box played “The Campbell's Are Coming” with spirit and jingle. And, moreover, kept on playing it to the finish unless the catch was pushed back again.

To Mary-'Gusta that chair was a perpetual fascination. She had been expressly forbidden to touch it, had been shut in the dark closet more than once for touching it; but, nevertheless, the temptation was always there and she had yielded to that temptation at intervals when Mrs. Hobbs and her stepfather were out. And the last time she had touched it she had broken the catch. She had wound up the music box, after hearing it play, but the catch which made it a perfectly safe seat and not a trap for the unwary had refused to push back into place. And now there it was, loaded and primed, so to speak, and she was responsible. Suppose--Oh, horrible thought!--suppose anyone should sit in it that afternoon!

She gasped and jumped off the sofa. Then she remembered Mrs. Hobbs' parting command and stopped, hesitating. Mr. Hallett, standing at the end of the hall, by the front door, heard her move and tiptoed to the sitting-room.

“What's the matter, little girl?” he whispered, soothingly.

“No-nothin',” gasped Mary-'Gusta.

“All right. Then you set down on the sofa and keep still. You mustn't make any noise. The folks are comin' now. Set right down on the sofy, that's a good girl!”

So back to the sofa went Mary-'Gusta, trembling with apprehension. From her seat she could see along the hall and also through the other door into the “big settin'-room,” where, also, there were rows of chairs. And, to her horror, these chairs began to fill. People, most of them dressed in church-going garments which rattled and rustled, were tiptoeing in and sitting down where she could see them and they could see her. She did not dare to move now; did not dare go near the music chair even if going near it would have done any good. She remained upon the sofa, and shivered.

A few moments later Mrs. Hobbs appeared, looking very solemn and Sundayfied, and sat beside her. Then Judge and Mrs. Baxter were shown into the little room and took two of the remaining chairs. The Judge bowed and smiled and Mrs. Baxter leaned over and patted her hand. Mary-'Gusta tried to smile, too, but succeeded only in looking more miserable. Mrs. Hobbs whispered to her to sit up straight.

The novel begins not with Mary-'Gusta herself but with the town of Ostable talking about her. On the day of Marcellus Hall's funeral, the community's primary question is “What's goin' to become of that child?” This framing immediately establishes Mary-'Gusta as a figure of curiosity and concern, while also introducing the small-town Cape Cod setting through the voice of Bethuel Sparrow, a young reporter whose obituary-writing reveals both local mores and the author's gentle satire. The opening chapter thus orients the reader toward a story driven by communal speculation and the fate of an orphan.

The Town's Voice and the Orphan's Silence

The early excerpts show the town's voice dominating the narrative. Bethuel Sparrow's obituary for Marcellus Hall is a set piece of rural journalism, with its euphemisms (“passes away,” “demise”) and mild exaggerations (“influential resident”). The narrator notes that “a slight exaggeration here,” signaling a wry, observational tone. Meanwhile, Mary-'Gusta herself remains largely absent from these pages; she is discussed, guessed about, but not yet heard. This asymmetry between the community's chatter and the girl's silence creates a narrative tension. A first-time reader may wonder whether Mary-'Gusta will remain a passive subject of gossip or eventually assert her own perspective. The excerpts do not reveal her voice in the opening, so the reader is left to anticipate her emergence.

Dialogue as Revelation: Mary-'Gusta's Character in Conversation

Later excerpts shift to extended dialogue, particularly between Mary and Crawford Smith. Here, Mary's character emerges through her responses: she studies a photograph with “interest,” asks pointed questions (“Was your mother an Eastern woman?”), and deflects Crawford's compliments with self-deprecation (“Perhaps because I ask too many questions”). Crawford remarks that she “act[s] as if you really cared to have me talk about my own affairs,” suggesting a perceptive and empathetic listener. The conversation also reveals backstory—Crawford's father's aversion to photographs, his two marriages, the gravestone of “Patience, wife of Edwin Smith”—but these details are delivered naturally within the exchange. For a first reader, this section demonstrates how Lincoln uses dialogue to advance character and plot simultaneously, without heavy exposition.

Recurring Details: Photographs, Names, and Hidden Histories

Several details recur across the excerpts, inviting the reader to track them. The photograph of Crawford's father is a tangible object that prompts discussion of appearance, character, and family secrets. Crawford mentions his father's “prejudice against photographs,” which aligns with the father's reluctance to talk about himself. The name “Patience” on a gravestone is described as “odd and old-fashioned,” and Crawford learns of his father's first wife “entirely by accident.” These details hint at concealed histories—a pattern that may extend to Mary-'Gusta's own origins. The town's earlier speculation about her future may parallel the Smith family's undisclosed past. A first-time reader might watch for other objects or names that carry hidden significance, as the excerpts suggest that Lincoln embeds clues in everyday items and offhand remarks.

Narrative Structure: From Public Speculation to Private Confidence

The excerpts trace a clear structural arc: the novel opens with public speculation (the town guessing about Mary-'Gusta), then moves to private conversation (Mary and Crawford discussing family matters). The shift from collective to intimate mirrors Mary-'Gusta's own journey from being an object of gossip to a participant in her own story. The later dialogue includes Crawford's confession that he “never think[s] of discussing my family affairs with anyone but you,” establishing a confidential relationship. This progression suggests that the novel will continue to narrow its focus, moving from the community's voice to individual relationships and inner lives. For a first reader, recognizing this pattern can provide a framework for understanding how Lincoln balances social observation with personal drama.

These excerpts offer a useful entry point: the opening establishes a community-centered mystery, while the middle sections reveal Mary-'Gusta's perceptive nature through dialogue. Readers may find it rewarding to note how Lincoln uses small details—a photograph, a gravestone, a reporter's obituary—to build layers of meaning. The novel's 121,539 words allow for gradual development, so patience with the leisurely pace of Cape Cod life is advised.

That rainy afternoon, Mary-'Gusta kept me company while the gutters sang. I lingered on how the town's whispers slowly gave way to quiet observation, the girl's character emerging not through grand claims but small, telling moments. Afterwards, I found myself thinking of another coastal community's idle chatter, and picked up South Wind — Themes and Context, where a similar patience unfolds.

Sebastian Davis
2 weeks ago

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Joseph Harris
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  • ...
    Joyce Walker - 4 weeks ago
    This is an enjoyable read with a compelling protagonist and a plot that keeps you engaged. The author's writing style is clean and accessible. However, at times the pacing feels a bit rushed, with some plot points resolved too quickly. The ending, while satisfying, may leave some readers wanting more depth. Still, if you're looking for a quick, feel-good story, this is a fine choice.

  • ...
    Nathan Cantrell - 2 weeks ago
    'Mary Gusta' is a delightful surprise, a hidden gem that explores themes of identity and self-discovery with a light touch. The titular character's journey is rendered with warmth and authenticity, making her instantly relatable. The prose is simple yet evocative, painting vivid scenes that stay with you. The supporting cast is equally well-drawn, adding depth to the narrative. A heartwarming read that leaves you feeling satisfied and a little wiser.

  • ...
    Stephen York - 2 weeks ago
    Mary Gusta tries to be a character-driven novel, but unfortunately, both character and plot fall flat. The protagonist is bland and lacks originality, and the story meanders without a clear direction. The prose is serviceable but forgettable. There are moments that hint at potential, but they are buried under clichéd situations and predictable outcomes. I was left feeling indifferent and ultimately disappointed.


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